Action Habitat-2.1: Habitat Plans

NoteFull Action Statement

Update existing and develop new regional habitat restoration plans and strategies to facilitate cross-boundary projects and address emerging challenges for habitat resilience.

Action Description and Statement of Need

This Action will update existing and publish new regional plans for freshwater and estuarine habitat restoration. ‘Plans’ refers broadly to strategies, designs, assessments, and protocols that apply from an ecosystem to a habitat location. Restoration plans have been developed for salt marshes, shellfish, coastal ponds, reefs, rivers, and forests. Seagrass and oyster restoration planning, along with broader aquaculture oversight, are underway locally and in the greater New England region.

Many existing plans were developed more than a decade ago and need to be updated to reflect a regional approach to emerging challenges for habitat resilience. Some are confined by geopolitical boundaries and may lack specific implementation details necessary to ensure responsive projects. Opportunities exist to improve cross-state and other regional coordination, collaboration, and information sharing about habitat restoration, land use planning, and biodiversity conservation (Stevens et al. 2023).

Involvement of watershed-based organizations, land trusts, commercial aquaculture organizations, and other experts working at the local scale is also important for establishing watershed and estuarine habitat restoration priorities. Local and regional collaboration ensures that priorities can be guided by partners most familiar with local issues and supported by partners who are experienced with working at larger scales.

NBEP will convene partners to share restoration expertise and emerging best practices, coordinate habitat planning efforts, and prioritize restoration projects across institutional and state boundaries, with a goal of developing the NBEP Habitat Restoration Plan by 2028. NBEP will also assist to leverage resources with projects like the Blackstone Needs Assessment (2019–2021), the Blackstone Fish Passage Project (2021–current), and the Salt Marsh Restoration, Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) (2022–current). NBEP will help fund partner and community outreach, efforts to update planning documents, and research to fill knowledge gaps.

Potential Projects

  • Develop the NBEP Habitat Restoration Plan.

  • Update Rhode Island Anadromous Fish Restoration Plan.

  • Update existing restoration strategies to include updated data, information, and completed projects.

  • Develop a Narragansett Bay region salt marsh restoration strategy or update the Rhode Island Coastal Wetland Restoration Strategy to include the upper part of Narragansett Bay in Massachusetts and portions of Little Narragansett Bay in Connecticut, where useful. Strategy should highlight areas where marsh migration is possible and should be supported.

  • Support the development and implementation of the Rhode Island Shellfish Restoration and Enhancement Plan.

  • Develop a Narragansett Bay and/or broader regional submerged aquatic vegetation restoration plan that reviews restoration strategies that have been tried in Narragansett Bay to date, including current seed-based restoration strategies, and assesses whether recent water quality improvements could improve restoration success. This restoration plan should also include new data collected on flowering phenology and seed collection and seed transfer guidance.

  • Expand and update Sea Level Affecting Marsh Migration (SLAMM) models to include the Palmer and Runnins Rivers and other areas of MA, CT, and RI that were not covered in state models.

  • Pursue or expand state level management plans for lakes and ponds, inclusive of invasive species and educational outreach to boaters.

  • Develop plans and actions to protect cold-water streams and rivers, or specific endangered and/or threatened freshwater species, such as native brook trout.

Outputs

  • NBEP Habitat Restoration Plan

  • RI Shellfish Restoration and Enhancement Plan

  • A multi-state salt marsh restoration strategy

  • At least one regional submerged aquatic vegetation restoration strategy

  • Updated freshwater restoration and conservation plans and protocols

  • Coordinated meetings among habitat restoration practitioners

  • Expanded SLAMM to cover entire region seamlessly

Outcomes

  • Increased coordination on habitat restoration priorities, techniques, and projects across boundaries

  • Shared habitat restoration goals, objectives, and targets

  • Better designed and more impactful estuarine restoration projects

  • Healthier and more sustainable estuarine habitat

  • Increased coordination on freshwater restoration priorities, techniques, and projects across institutional and state boundaries

  • Shared plans for achieving freshwater restoration goals, objectives, and targets

Indicators

Sea Level Rise, Nutrient Loading, DO, Chlorophyll, Water Clarity, Benthic Habitat, Seagrasses, Salt Marsh, Aquatic Life Use, Estuarine Fish Use, Recreation Use, Open Space, Marine Beaches, Shell Fishing Areas, Land Use, Impervious Surface, Stream Invertebrates, Coldwater Fish

NBEP role

Convene, Synthesize and communicate science, Fund capacity and projects

Implementing Partners

EPA Region 1, NBNERR, MassDEP, MA DER, MA CZM, Mass Wildlife, Massachusetts DCR, RIDEM, CRMC, URI CRC, RISG, Mass ECAN, RINHS, Mass Audubon, Blackstone Watershed Collaborative

Location

Narragansett Bay region

Timeline for initiation

2026

Estimated costs/potential funding sources

$5M–10M

State Funds, NBEP 320/SNEP, EPA SNEP

References

Stevens, Rachel A., Suzanne Shull, Jamie Carter, et al. 2023. “Marsh Migration and Beyond: A Scalable Framework to Assess Tidal Wetland Resilience and Support Strategic Management.” PLOS ONE 18 (11): e0293177. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293177.